First we will discuss on the most western part of Indonesia
Aceh.
Aceh (/ ɑːtʃeɪ
/; [ʔatɕɛh]) is a province of Indonesia. Aceh is located at the northern tip of
Sumatra island and is the westernmost province in Indonesia. Its capital is
Banda Aceh. The population of the province is around 4.5 million inhabitants.
It was located near the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India and separated by
the Andaman Sea. Aceh is bordered by the Bay of Bengal in the north, the Indian
Ocean to the west, the Strait of Malacca to the east, and North Sumatra in the
southeast and south.
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| Masjid Raya Baiturachman |
Aceh is considered the beginning of the spread of Islam in Indonesia and plays
an important role in the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia. At the beginning of
the 17th century, the Sultanate of Aceh is the richest, strongest, and most
prosperous in the Strait of Malacca. Acehnese history marred by political
freedom and strong opposition to the control of foreigners, including the
former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government. When compared with the
other provinces, Aceh is a very conservative area (upholding the values of
religion). The percentage of Muslim population is the highest in Indonesia and
they live by Islamic law. In contrast to most other provinces in Indonesia,
Aceh has its own set of autonomy due to historical reasons.
Aceh has abundant natural resources, including petroleum and natural gas. Some analysts estimate of Aceh's natural gas reserves are the largest in the world. [9] Aceh is also famous for its forests located along Bukit Barisan range of Kutacane in Southeast Aceh until the Ulu Masen in Aceh Jaya. A national park called Gunung Leuser National Park (TNGL) was established in Southeast Aceh.
Aceh is the land closest to the epicenter of the Indian Ocean earthquake of 2004. After the earthquake, the tsunami waves hit most of the west coast of the province. Approximately 170,000 people dead or missing in the disaster. The disaster also encourage the creation of a peace agreement between the government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM).
Aceh has abundant natural resources, including petroleum and natural gas. Some analysts estimate of Aceh's natural gas reserves are the largest in the world. [9] Aceh is also famous for its forests located along Bukit Barisan range of Kutacane in Southeast Aceh until the Ulu Masen in Aceh Jaya. A national park called Gunung Leuser National Park (TNGL) was established in Southeast Aceh.
Aceh is the land closest to the epicenter of the Indian Ocean earthquake of 2004. After the earthquake, the tsunami waves hit most of the west coast of the province. Approximately 170,000 people dead or missing in the disaster. The disaster also encourage the creation of a peace agreement between the government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM).
History
History shows how the people of Aceh to make Islam as a guide and scholars also received an honorable place. Recognition
for the privilege of Aceh with the Islamic Shari'a then clarified by
Act No. 44 of 1999 menggenai the Special Status of Aceh. In
Act 11 of 2006 regarding Aceh Government, stated that the areas of
al-syakhsiyah (family issues, such as marriage, divorce, inheritance,
guardianship, living, nannies and joint property), mu`amalah (issue
procedures in the lives of our fellow human beings live everyday, such as buying and selling, leasing, and borrowing), and
jinayah (crime) which is based on Islamic law governed by qanun (local
regulations).
The law provides flexibility for Aceh to regulate people's lives according to the teachings of Islam. Even so, people of other faiths to worship guaranteed in accordance with the assurance respectively. This is the social and cultural patterns of Aceh, with the majority religion of Islam there but the province also has religious diversity.
Arts and cultural diversity makes the province has its own charm. In the literary arts, the province has 80 folklore contained in Aceh language, Aneuk Jame, Tamiang, Gayo, Alas, Haloban, Kluet. Other literary form is poetry known as the saga, with one of the famous saga is Hikayat Prang Sabi (Holy War).
Dance Aceh also has specialty and uniqueness, the traits among others originally only performed in certain ceremonies ritual is not a spectacle, a harmonious combination of dance, music and literature, danced en masse with a limited arena, repeated movement monotony in the motion patterns are simple and done repeatedly, as well as the presentation of a relatively long time.
Dances that exist among others Seudati, Saman, rampak, Rapai, and Rapai Geleng. The last dance of the most famous and is a blend of dance and Saman Dance Rapai.
In the field of fine arts, Rumoh Aceh is a work of architecture that is standardized according to the cultural demands of the time. Another work of art is sculpture, characterized by calligraphy. Aceh is the typical weapon Rencong. Basically cultural fusion between metal processing (metallurgy) with art forging and shape. The most famous type of dagger is siwah.
Ethnic groups in Aceh please studs like a fan, the hood of food, clothings and so on. Then carving with motifs can be seen in the decorations found on the mat, cap, custom clothing, and so on.
The law provides flexibility for Aceh to regulate people's lives according to the teachings of Islam. Even so, people of other faiths to worship guaranteed in accordance with the assurance respectively. This is the social and cultural patterns of Aceh, with the majority religion of Islam there but the province also has religious diversity.
Arts and cultural diversity makes the province has its own charm. In the literary arts, the province has 80 folklore contained in Aceh language, Aneuk Jame, Tamiang, Gayo, Alas, Haloban, Kluet. Other literary form is poetry known as the saga, with one of the famous saga is Hikayat Prang Sabi (Holy War).
Dance Aceh also has specialty and uniqueness, the traits among others originally only performed in certain ceremonies ritual is not a spectacle, a harmonious combination of dance, music and literature, danced en masse with a limited arena, repeated movement monotony in the motion patterns are simple and done repeatedly, as well as the presentation of a relatively long time.
Dances that exist among others Seudati, Saman, rampak, Rapai, and Rapai Geleng. The last dance of the most famous and is a blend of dance and Saman Dance Rapai.
In the field of fine arts, Rumoh Aceh is a work of architecture that is standardized according to the cultural demands of the time. Another work of art is sculpture, characterized by calligraphy. Aceh is the typical weapon Rencong. Basically cultural fusion between metal processing (metallurgy) with art forging and shape. The most famous type of dagger is siwah.
Ethnic groups in Aceh please studs like a fan, the hood of food, clothings and so on. Then carving with motifs can be seen in the decorations found on the mat, cap, custom clothing, and so on.
Culture farmingFarming which began clearing. In this case, there are institutions / agencies customs authorities,
the Commander Uteuen who supervised several other traditional structures
such as Petua Seuneubok, Keujruen Blang, GLE handler, and so on.
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Forest management systems as land farming, Seuneubok Petua function can not be denied. Seuneubok own meaning is a new area outside the village elders who originally forested. The forest is then turned into fields. Therefore,
land clearing Seuneubok should always pay attention to the
environmental aspects in order to avoid negative impact on members
Seuneubok and environment itself. Then the function Petua Seuneubok be important in managing farming, in addition to the need to Keujruen Blang.
Culture Open Land Plantation
For the people of Aceh there are a number of rules that have lived and grown since ancient times. Wisdom
of the people of Aceh are also included in the ban to cut down trees in
a radius of about 500 meters from the edge of the lake, 200 meters from
the edge of the water and left-eye right on the river swamp area, about
100 meters from the left and right edges of the river, about 50 meters
from the edge of the tributary (alue).
Pamali or AbstinenceMoreover, in traditional Acehnese also known as a number of restrictions when open land in Seuneubok. Abstinence was like peudong Jambo (constructed a hut). Jambo or unwind haven hut is certainly exist in every land. In
traditional meublang (farming), Jambo should not be founded on a track
beast or places believed to be the spirits of the jungle dwellers. The materials used to buffer the hut also may not use scrap wood
winding root (uroet), because it feared would invite the snakes into the
Jambo.
There is also the intention to abstain daruet Seuneubok members are prohibited from hanging fabric on the tree, set a machete on a tree stump, and slashes (ceumeucah) in the atmosphere of the rain. This is because fear can bring locusts (daruet).
Moreover, in the gardens (forest) is also prohibited screaming or calling someone while in the forest / garden. It is feared consequences bring pests or animals that can damage crops, such as mice, deer, pigs, monkeys, elephants, and so on.
It added that there is a taboo in traditional Acehnese into the forest or the days that prohibited. Because the viscous become Muslim Aceh, the day that prohibited it usually relates to "the days of religion".
Aceh also noted a number of prohibitions or restrictions on behavior. It is like climbing or throw young durian, poison fish in the river or alue, fighting among adults in Seuneubok region, crop-others such as rambutan, durian, mango, etc., Although no known owner, unless the fallen fruit. The ban would be a reflection of the attitude of honesty in life in this vast earth.
There is also the intention to abstain daruet Seuneubok members are prohibited from hanging fabric on the tree, set a machete on a tree stump, and slashes (ceumeucah) in the atmosphere of the rain. This is because fear can bring locusts (daruet).
Moreover, in the gardens (forest) is also prohibited screaming or calling someone while in the forest / garden. It is feared consequences bring pests or animals that can damage crops, such as mice, deer, pigs, monkeys, elephants, and so on.
It added that there is a taboo in traditional Acehnese into the forest or the days that prohibited. Because the viscous become Muslim Aceh, the day that prohibited it usually relates to "the days of religion".
Aceh also noted a number of prohibitions or restrictions on behavior. It is like climbing or throw young durian, poison fish in the river or alue, fighting among adults in Seuneubok region, crop-others such as rambutan, durian, mango, etc., Although no known owner, unless the fallen fruit. The ban would be a reflection of the attitude of honesty in life in this vast earth.
Indigenous BersawahIn bersawah (meupadé), also contained a number of provisions for the continuation of the convenience and security of farming. It is like hanjeut teumeubang watèe Pade ruby. The point is not to be cut off when the rice about to be harvested wood. If this is violated, it is believed will bring planthoppers (geusong). In
order to avoid the rice fields surrounding participate induced
planthoppers, to the offender provisions of the fines by Keujruen Blang.
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